Applied in
 Measurement instruments
 Orifices for air, gas and liquids
 Medical and laboratory equipment
 Windows for high temperature
 Nozzles for ink-jet printing
 Nozzles for water-cutting
 Electroerosion equipment
 Textile industry
 Balls for measuring instruments (probes)
 Needle guides
 Water- and watthour meters
 Electro-valves
 Knive edges and prisms
Technical data
Characteristics
Composition  

Type of crystal  

Bulk density  
Hardness Mohs  
Hardness Vickers  
Max operating temp.  
Resistivity  
Diel. constant  
Sapphire and Ruby
Al2O3 (Sapphire)
Al2O3 + Cr2O3 (Ruby)
Hexagonal-rhombohedral
single crystal
3,99 g/cm
9
2500 HV
1800°
>10 .cm (20°)
7,5-10
Individual solutions
The firm Gilardi
does not only produce
standard products but
also works out
solutions to customer's
specifications whether
for prototypes or for
a large scale production
run.